3-4 Questions
Avg NEET Questions/Year
12-16 Marks
Weightage Impact
30 MCQs
Question Bank Size
Key Focus Areas: Microsporogenesis, Megasporogenesis, Double fertilization, Apomixis.
Complete Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Question Bank & Solutions (30 Questions)
Q1 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which wall layer of the microsporangium provides nutrition to developing pollen grains?
(A)
Epidermis
(B)
Endothecium
(C)
Middle layers
(D)
Tapetum
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (D) Tapetum
The tapetum is the innermost layer of the microsporangial wall. Its cells have dense cytoplasm, are generally multinucleate, and nourish the developing pollen grains.
Q2 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The outer exine layer of pollen grains is highly resistant because of:
(A)
Cellulose
(B)
Pectin
(C)
Sporopollenin
(D)
Lignin
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Sporopollenin
Pollen exine is composed of sporopollenin, a highly resistant organic polymer that tolerates extreme temperatures, strong acids, and alkalis. No enzyme is known to degrade it.
Q3 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
During megasporogenesis, the megaspore mother cell (MMC) undergoes meiosis to produce how many functional megaspores?
(A)
One
(B)
Two
(C)
Three
(D)
Four
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (A) One
MMC undergoes meiosis to form four megaspores. In most angiosperms, three degenerate and only one remains functional to develop into the embryo sac.
Q4 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Filiform apparatus is a characteristic feature of:
(A)
Antipodal cells
(B)
Egg cell
(C)
Synergids
(D)
Central cell
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Synergids
Filiform apparatus consists of finger-like projections at the micropylar end of synergids. It plays a key role in guiding the pollen tube into the synergid.
Q5 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Cleistogamous flowers ensure:
(A)
Cross-pollination
(B)
Assured seed-set without pollinators
(C)
High genetic variability
(D)
Insect attraction
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Assured seed-set without pollinators
Cleistogamous flowers never open. As a result, anthers and stigmas lie close to each other, ensuring pollination and seed-set even in the absence of any pollinating agents.
Q6 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Water-pollinated flowers like Vallisneria have pollen grains protected by a:
(A)
Thick exine of sporopollenin
(B)
Mucilaginous sheath
(C)
Cellulose covering
(D)
Pectin layer
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Mucilaginous sheath
In water-pollinated plants, pollen grains are long and ribbon-like, and they are covered by a mucilaginous sheath that prevents them from getting wet.
Q7 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Triple fusion in double fertilisation refers to the fusion of:
(A)
One male gamete with egg cell
(B)
Two male gametes with egg cell
(C)
One male gamete with two polar nuclei
(D)
Two polar nuclei with each other
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) One male gamete with two polar nuclei
Triple fusion is the fusion of one haploid male gamete (n) with the two haploid polar nuclei (2n, or secondary nucleus) in the central cell, forming the triploid PEN (3n).
Q8 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Persistent, residual nucellus in the seed is called:
(A)
Endosperm
(B)
Scutellum
(C)
Perisperm
(D)
Pericarp
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Perisperm
In some seeds (e.g., black pepper and beet), remnants of the nucellus persist as a thin, papery layer called the perisperm.
Q9 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which wall layer of the microsporangium provides nutrition to developing pollen grains?
(A)
Epidermis
(B)
Endothecium
(C)
Middle layers
(D)
Tapetum
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (D) Tapetum
The tapetum is the innermost layer of the microsporangial wall. Its cells have dense cytoplasm, are generally multinucleate, and nourish the developing pollen grains.
Q10 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The outer exine layer of pollen grains is highly resistant because of:
(A)
Cellulose
(B)
Pectin
(C)
Sporopollenin
(D)
Lignin
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Sporopollenin
Pollen exine is composed of sporopollenin, a highly resistant organic polymer that tolerates extreme temperatures, strong acids, and alkalis. No enzyme is known to degrade it.
Q11 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
During megasporogenesis, the megaspore mother cell (MMC) undergoes meiosis to produce how many functional megaspores?
(A)
One
(B)
Two
(C)
Three
(D)
Four
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (A) One
MMC undergoes meiosis to form four megaspores. In most angiosperms, three degenerate and only one remains functional to develop into the embryo sac.
Q12 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Filiform apparatus is a characteristic feature of:
(A)
Antipodal cells
(B)
Egg cell
(C)
Synergids
(D)
Central cell
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Synergids
Filiform apparatus consists of finger-like projections at the micropylar end of synergids. It plays a key role in guiding the pollen tube into the synergid.
Q13 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Cleistogamous flowers ensure:
(A)
Cross-pollination
(B)
Assured seed-set without pollinators
(C)
High genetic variability
(D)
Insect attraction
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Assured seed-set without pollinators
Cleistogamous flowers never open. As a result, anthers and stigmas lie close to each other, ensuring pollination and seed-set even in the absence of any pollinating agents.
Q14 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Water-pollinated flowers like Vallisneria have pollen grains protected by a:
(A)
Thick exine of sporopollenin
(B)
Mucilaginous sheath
(C)
Cellulose covering
(D)
Pectin layer
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Mucilaginous sheath
In water-pollinated plants, pollen grains are long and ribbon-like, and they are covered by a mucilaginous sheath that prevents them from getting wet.
Q15 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Triple fusion in double fertilisation refers to the fusion of:
(A)
One male gamete with egg cell
(B)
Two male gametes with egg cell
(C)
One male gamete with two polar nuclei
(D)
Two polar nuclei with each other
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) One male gamete with two polar nuclei
Triple fusion is the fusion of one haploid male gamete (n) with the two haploid polar nuclei (2n, or secondary nucleus) in the central cell, forming the triploid PEN (3n).
Q16 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Persistent, residual nucellus in the seed is called:
(A)
Endosperm
(B)
Scutellum
(C)
Perisperm
(D)
Pericarp
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Perisperm
In some seeds (e.g., black pepper and beet), remnants of the nucellus persist as a thin, papery layer called the perisperm.
Q17 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Geitonogamy is functionally which type of pollination?
(A)
Self-pollination
(B)
Cross-pollination
(C)
Both autogamy and cross-pollination
(D)
Neither
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Cross-pollination
Geitonogamy involves pollen transfer between different flowers on the same plant. Functionally, it is cross-pollination (different flowers), but genetically it is equivalent to self-pollination (same plant's genome).
Q18 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
A typical angiosperm anther is described as:
(A)
Unilobed and dithecous
(B)
Bilobed and dithecous
(C)
Trilobed and monothecous
(D)
Bilobed and monothecous
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Bilobed and dithecous
A typical angiosperm anther is bilobed, with each lobe having two thecae (dithecous), making it tetrasporangiate (with four microsporangia total).
Q19 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The process of transfer of pollen from a different plant is called:
(A)
Autogamy
(B)
Geitonogamy
(C)
Xenogamy
(D)
Hydrophily
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Xenogamy
Xenogamy is the transfer of pollen from an anther of one plant to a stigma of a genetically different plant. It is the only type of pollination that brings truly new genetic material.
Q20 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
A mature embryo sac has how many cells and nuclei?
(A)
7 cells and 7 nuclei
(B)
8 cells and 8 nuclei
(C)
7 cells and 8 nuclei
(D)
6 cells and 8 nuclei
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) 7 cells and 8 nuclei
A mature angiosperm embryo sac is 7-celled but 8-nucleate, because the large central cell contains two polar nuclei.
Q21 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Antipodal cells in the embryo sac are located at the:
(A)
Micropylar end
(B)
Chalazal end
(C)
Central region
(D)
Funicle
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Chalazal end
The three antipodal cells are located at the chalazal end of the embryo sac, opposite the micropylar end where the egg apparatus is located.
Q22 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The coconut water represents which type of endosperm?
(A)
Cellular endosperm
(B)
Helobial endosperm
(C)
Free-nuclear endosperm
(D)
Perisperm
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Free-nuclear endosperm
Coconut water represents free-nuclear endosperm (thousands of free nuclei without cell wall formation). The white coconut kernel is cellular endosperm.
Q23 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which of the following plants shows polyembryony?
(A)
Rice
(B)
Wheat
(C)
Citrus
(D)
Maize
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Citrus
Polyembryony (multiple embryos in a seed) is commonly found in Citrus and Mango, where nucellar cells divide to form additional embryos alongside the zygotic embryo.
Q24 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Self-incompatibility prevents:
(A)
Cross-pollination
(B)
Xenogamy
(C)
Self-pollen germination on the stigma
(D)
Seed development
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Self-pollen germination on the stigma
Self-incompatibility is a genetic mechanism where the stigma recognises and rejects self-pollen (same genotype), preventing self-fertilisation and promoting outbreeding.
Q25 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
In which plant does a moth act as the exclusive pollinator in a mutualistic relationship?
(A)
Amorphophallus
(B)
Yucca
(C)
Vallisneria
(D)
Commelina
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Yucca
Yucca plant and Pronuba moth share a highly specific and obligate mutualistic relationship, where the moth pollinates the Yucca flower and uses it as an egg-laying site.
Q26 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Pollen grains can be stored in liquid nitrogen for long periods because of the resistance of:
(A)
Intine
(B)
Sporopollenin in exine
(C)
Starch in the vegetative cell
(D)
Cellulose of cell wall
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Sporopollenin in exine
Sporopollenin in the pollen exine is extremely resistant and allows pollen grains to survive for long periods, including storage in liquid nitrogen (cryopreservation) for breeding programmes.
Q27 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
What is the scutellum in a monocot seed (e.g., maize)?
(A)
Two cotyledons
(B)
The radicle
(C)
The plumule
(D)
The single lateral cotyledon
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (D) The single lateral cotyledon
In monocots, the embryo has a single cotyledon called the scutellum, situated laterally on the embryonal axis. It helps absorb food from the endosperm.
Q28 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
What does Primary Endosperm Nucleus (PEN) develop into?
(A)
Embryo
(B)
Seed coat
(C)
Endosperm
(D)
Cotyledon
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Endosperm
The triploid (3n) Primary Endosperm Nucleus develops into the endosperm, which nourishes the developing embryo within the seed.
Q29 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Apomixis in plants means:
(A)
Sexual reproduction with double fertilisation
(B)
Clonal seed production without fertilisation
(C)
Vegetative propagation through runners
(D)
Seed dormancy mechanism
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Clonal seed production without fertilisation
Apomixis is the production of seeds without fertilisation (asexual reproduction). It allows plants to produce clonal offspring through seeds, bypassing meiosis and fertilisation.
Q30 of 30
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which endothecium layer helps in anther dehiscence?
(A)
Tapetum (innermost)
(B)
Epidermis (outermost)
(C)
Endothecium (fibrous layer)
(D)
Middle layers
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Endothecium (fibrous layer)
The endothecium is the second layer of the microsporangium wall, having fibrous thickenings, which help in the dehiscence (opening) of the anther to release pollen.