Complete Plant Kingdom Question Bank & Solutions (80 Questions)
Q1 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
In which algal class is the stored food floridean starch?
(A)
Chlorophyceae
(B)
Phaeophyceae
(C)
Rhodophyceae
(D)
Bryophyta
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Rhodophyceae
Floridean starch is the reserve food of red algae (Rhodophyceae).
Q2 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Fucoxanthin is the characteristic pigment of:
(A)
Green algae
(B)
Brown algae
(C)
Red algae
(D)
Mosses
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Brown algae
Brown algae (Phaeophyceae) owe their colour to fucoxanthin.
Q3 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which group is called the 'amphibians of the plant kingdom'?
(A)
Algae
(B)
Bryophytes
(C)
Pteridophytes
(D)
Gymnosperms
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Bryophytes
Bryophytes — they live on land but need water for fertilisation.
Q4 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The dominant phase in a pteridophyte life cycle is the:
(A)
Gametophyte
(B)
Sporophyte
(C)
Zygote
(D)
Protonema
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Sporophyte
In pteridophytes the sporophyte dominates (true roots, stem, leaves).
Q5 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Naked seeds are characteristic of:
(A)
Angiosperms
(B)
Pteridophytes
(C)
Gymnosperms
(D)
Bryophytes
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Gymnosperms
Gymnosperms bear ovules not enclosed in an ovary → naked seeds.
Q6 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Double fertilisation is unique to:
(A)
Gymnosperms
(B)
Angiosperms
(C)
Pteridophytes
(D)
Brown algae
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Angiosperms
Only angiosperms show double fertilisation → diploid zygote + triploid endosperm.
Q7 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Coralloid roots with N₂-fixing cyanobacteria occur in:
(A)
Pinus
(B)
Cycas
(C)
Cedrus
(D)
Ginkgo
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Cycas
Cycas has coralloid roots harbouring N₂-fixing cyanobacteria.
Q8 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which classification system is based on evolutionary relationships?
(A)
Artificial
(B)
Natural
(C)
Phylogenetic
(D)
Numerical
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Phylogenetic
Phylogenetic systems assume a shared common ancestor.
Q9 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Selaginella and Salvinia are examples of:
(A)
Homosporous pteridophytes
(B)
Heterosporous pteridophytes
(C)
Liverworts
(D)
Brown algae
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Heterosporous pteridophytes
Both are heterosporous — they form micro- and megaspores.
Q10 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Agar is obtained from:
(A)
Chlorella
(B)
Sargassum
(C)
Gelidium and Gracilaria
(D)
Spirogyra
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Gelidium and Gracilaria
Agar comes from the red algae Gelidium and Gracilaria.
Q11 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
In a haplontic life cycle, the only diploid stage is the:
(A)
Gametophyte
(B)
Spore
(C)
Zygote
(D)
Prothallus
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Zygote
In haplontic cycles (Volvox, Spirogyra) only the zygote is diploid.
Q12 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The female sex organ of a bryophyte is the:
(A)
Antheridium
(B)
Archegonium
(C)
Sporangium
(D)
Sorus
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Archegonium
The flask-shaped archegonium produces a single egg.
Q13 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Reticulate venation and tap roots are typical of:
(A)
Monocots
(B)
Dicots
(C)
Mosses
(D)
Ferns
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Dicots
Dicots show reticulate venation, tap roots, floral parts in 4s/5s.
Q14 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Chlorella and Spirulina are used as:
(A)
Sources of agar
(B)
Protein-rich food supplements
(C)
Brown pigments
(D)
Soil binders
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Protein-rich food supplements
Both are protein-rich algal food supplements.
Q15 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which class of algae completely lacks flagellated cells?
(A)
Chlorophyceae
(B)
Phaeophyceae
(C)
Rhodophyceae
(D)
None
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Rhodophyceae
Rhodophyceae have no flagella at any stage.
Q16 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Cytotaxonomy is based primarily on:
(A)
Chemical constituents
(B)
Chromosome data
(C)
Flower colour
(D)
Computer codes
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Chromosome data
Cytotaxonomy uses chromosome number, structure and behaviour.
Q17 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The triploid tissue in angiosperm double fertilisation is the:
(A)
Zygote
(B)
Embryo
(C)
Endosperm
(D)
Nucellus
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Endosperm
The primary endosperm nucleus (3n) forms the endosperm.
Q18 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Sphagnum is economically important as a source of:
(A)
Agar
(B)
Peat / packing material
(C)
Algin
(D)
Carrageen
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Peat / packing material
Sphagnum provides peat fuel and moist packing material.
Q19 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Pollination in gymnosperms is generally by:
(A)
Water
(B)
Insects
(C)
Wind
(D)
Birds
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Wind
Gymnosperms are wind-pollinated.
Q20 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Correct simple-to-complex order is:
(A)
Algae→Pterido→Bryo→Gymno→Angio
(B)
Algae→Bryo→Pterido→Gymno→Angio
(C)
Bryo→Algae→Pterido→Angio→Gymno
(D)
Algae→Bryo→Gymno→Pterido→Angio
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Algae→Bryo→Pterido→Gymno→Angio
Algae → Bryophytes → Pteridophytes → Gymnosperms → Angiosperms.
Q21 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Pigments of Chlorophyceae are:
(A)
Chl a, c + fucoxanthin
(B)
Chl a, b
(C)
Chl a, d + phycoerythrin
(D)
Only carotenoids
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Chl a, b
Green algae contain chlorophyll a and b.
Q22 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Laminarin and mannitol are reserve foods of:
(A)
Green algae
(B)
Brown algae
(C)
Red algae
(D)
Liverworts
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Brown algae
Brown algae store laminarin/mannitol.
Q23 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which of these is a liverwort?
(A)
Funaria
(B)
Marchantia
(C)
Sphagnum
(D)
Polytrichum
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Marchantia
Marchantia is a liverwort; the others are mosses.
Q24 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The creeping filamentous first stage of a moss is the:
(A)
Prothallus
(B)
Protonema
(C)
Rhizoid
(D)
Sorus
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Protonema
The protonema develops directly from a moss spore.
Q25 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Gemmae are produced in:
(A)
Mosses
(B)
Liverworts
(C)
Ferns
(D)
Gymnosperms
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Liverworts
Liverworts form gemmae in gemma cups for asexual reproduction.
Q26 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The gametophyte of a fern is called the:
(A)
Protonema
(B)
Prothallus
(C)
Sporophyll
(D)
Strobilus
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Prothallus
The fern gametophyte is the free-living prothallus.
Q27 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Clusters of sporangia in ferns are known as:
(A)
Cones
(B)
Sori
(C)
Gemmae
(D)
Rhizoids
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Sori
Sori are groups of sporangia on the sporophyll.
Q28 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which is NOT a feature of pteridophytes?
(A)
Vascular tissue
(B)
True roots
(C)
Naked seeds
(D)
Dominant sporophyte
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Naked seeds
Pteridophytes are seedless; naked seeds belong to gymnosperms.
Q29 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Small leaves in Selaginella are called:
(A)
Macrophylls
(B)
Microphylls
(C)
Sporophylls
(D)
Megaphylls
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Microphylls
Microphylls are the small leaves of Selaginella.
Q30 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The tallest living tree is a gymnosperm named:
(A)
Cycas
(B)
Sequoia
(C)
Ginkgo
(D)
Ephedra
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Sequoia
Sequoia (redwood) is among the tallest trees.
Q31 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Mycorrhizal roots are characteristic of:
(A)
Cycas
(B)
Pinus
(C)
Marchantia
(D)
Funaria
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Pinus
Pinus roots form mycorrhizal associations with fungi.
Q32 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which contains an egg and two polar nuclei?
(A)
Pollen grain
(B)
Embryo sac
(C)
Microspore
(D)
Antheridium
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Embryo sac
The embryo sac (female gametophyte) has the egg and two polar nuclei.
Q33 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Bentham and Hooker proposed a system that is:
(A)
Artificial
(B)
Natural
(C)
Phylogenetic
(D)
Numerical
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Natural
Bentham & Hooker gave a natural classification.
Q34 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Chemotaxonomy uses:
(A)
Chromosome number
(B)
Chemical constituents
(C)
Fossil record
(D)
Computer coding
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Chemical constituents
Chemotaxonomy relies on the plant's chemical constituents.
Q35 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which alga shows oogamy?
(A)
Ulothrix
(B)
Volvox
(C)
Spirogyra
(D)
Ectocarpus
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Volvox
Volvox (and Fucus) show oogamy — large non-motile egg + small motile male gamete.
Q36 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Phycoerythrin helps red algae to:
(A)
Float on the surface
(B)
Absorb blue light at depth
(C)
Fix nitrogen
(D)
Store starch
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Absorb blue light at depth
Phycoerythrin absorbs the blue light reaching deep water.
Q37 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which stage undergoes meiosis in a haplontic cycle?
(A)
Gametophyte
(B)
Zygote
(C)
Spore
(D)
Gamete
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Zygote
The diploid zygote undergoes meiosis in haplontic cycles.
Q38 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Gametophyte produces gametes by:
(A)
Meiosis
(B)
Mitosis
(C)
Fragmentation
(D)
Binary fission
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Mitosis
Being haploid, the gametophyte makes gametes by mitosis.
Q39 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Sporophyte produces spores by:
(A)
Mitosis
(B)
Meiosis
(C)
Budding
(D)
Conjugation
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Meiosis
The diploid sporophyte makes spores by meiosis.
Q40 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which pair is correctly matched?
(A)
Chlorophyceae – phycoerythrin
(B)
Phaeophyceae – fucoxanthin
(C)
Rhodophyceae – laminarin
(D)
Chlorophyceae – floridean starch
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Phaeophyceae – fucoxanthin
Phaeophyceae ↔ fucoxanthin is correct.
Q41 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Algin is present in the cell walls of:
(A)
Green algae
(B)
Brown algae
(C)
Red algae
(D)
Bryophytes
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Brown algae
Brown algae have cellulose plus algin.
Q42 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
A trimerous flower with parallel venation belongs to a:
(A)
Dicot
(B)
Monocot
(C)
Gymnosperm
(D)
Pteridophyte
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Monocot
Trimerous parts + parallel venation → monocot.
Q43 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The male gamete of a bryophyte is the:
(A)
Zoospore
(B)
Antherozoid
(C)
Megaspore
(D)
Pollen
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Antherozoid
Flagellated antherozoids are the male gametes of bryophytes.
Q44 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which is a red alga?
(A)
Laminaria
(B)
Porphyra
(C)
Ulothrix
(D)
Chara
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Porphyra
Porphyra is a red alga (Rhodophyceae).
Q45 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which is a brown alga?
(A)
Gracilaria
(B)
Sargassum
(C)
Spirogyra
(D)
Polysiphonia
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Sargassum
Sargassum is a brown alga (Phaeophyceae).
Q46 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which is a green alga?
(A)
Fucus
(B)
Chara
(C)
Gelidium
(D)
Dictyota
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Chara
Chara is a green alga (Chlorophyceae).
Q47 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Vegetative reproduction in algae commonly occurs by:
(A)
Zoospores
(B)
Fragmentation
(C)
Conjugation tubes
(D)
Gemmae
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Fragmentation
Fragmentation is the usual vegetative method in algae.
Q48 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Asexual reproduction in algae is chiefly by:
(A)
Gemmae
(B)
Zoospores
(C)
Sori
(D)
Cones
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Zoospores
Most algae reproduce asexually by flagellated zoospores.
Q49 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which develops into a fruit?
(A)
Ovule
(B)
Ovary
(C)
Anther
(D)
Style
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Ovary
The ovary matures into the fruit after fertilisation.
Q50 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which develops into a seed?
(A)
Ovary
(B)
Ovule
(C)
Stigma
(D)
Filament
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Ovule
The ovule becomes the seed.
Q51 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Assertion: bryophyte sporophytes are partly dependent. Reason:
(A)
They lack chlorophyll entirely
(B)
They draw nutrition from the gametophyte
(C)
They live underwater
(D)
They are haploid
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) They draw nutrition from the gametophyte
The sporophyte is attached to and partly nourished by the photosynthetic gametophyte.
Q52 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which sequence is the fern life cycle?
(A)
Spore→prothallus→gametes→zygote→sporophyte
(B)
Spore→sporophyte→prothallus→zygote
(C)
Zygote→spore→prothallus→gametes
(D)
Prothallus→spore→sporophyte→gametes
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (A) Spore→prothallus→gametes→zygote→sporophyte
Spore → prothallus (gametophyte) → gametes → zygote → sporophyte is correct.
Q53 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] The evolutionary significance of heterospory is that it:
(A)
Increases spore number
(B)
Leads toward the seed habit
(C)
Removes need for meiosis
(D)
Produces flagellate spores
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Leads toward the seed habit
Retention of the female gametophyte on the parent foreshadows the seed.
Q54 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which set is entirely diplontic?
(A)
Volvox, Spirogyra
(B)
Funaria, Pteris
(C)
Pinus, mango plant
(D)
Marchantia, Chara
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Pinus, mango plant
Gymnosperms (Pinus) and angiosperms (mango) are diplontic.
Q55 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Both microspores and megaspores are produced by:
(A)
Homosporous ferns
(B)
Selaginella and gymnosperms
(C)
All bryophytes
(D)
Green algae
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Selaginella and gymnosperms
Heterosporous plants — Selaginella, Salvinia, gymnosperms, angiosperms.
Q56 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] In which does the gametophyte depend on the sporophyte?
(A)
Moss
(B)
Fern prothallus
(C)
Gymnosperm
(D)
Liverwort
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Gymnosperm
In seed plants the reduced gametophyte is retained on and depends on the sporophyte.
Q57 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which is a correct pigment–food–flagella set for red algae?
(A)
Phycoerythrin – floridean starch – no flagella
(B)
Fucoxanthin – laminarin – 2 lateral
(C)
Chl b – starch – apical
(D)
Phycoerythrin – starch – 2 flagella
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (A) Phycoerythrin – floridean starch – no flagella
Red algae: phycoerythrin, floridean starch, and no flagella.
Q58 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Chara is placed with green algae mainly because it:
(A)
Lacks chlorophyll
(B)
Has chlorophyll a & b and stores starch
(C)
Is marine and brown
(D)
Lacks flagella
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Has chlorophyll a & b and stores starch
Chara has chl a & b and stores starch → Chlorophyceae.
Q59 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which statement about gymnosperms is FALSE?
(A)
Seeds are naked
(B)
Fertilisation needs water
(C)
They are heterosporous
(D)
Pollination is by wind
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Fertilisation needs water
Gymnosperms do not need water — wind pollination + pollen tube.
Q60 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Number of polar nuclei involved in triple fusion:
(A)
One
(B)
Two
(C)
Three
(D)
Four
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Two
Two polar nuclei fuse with one male gamete → 3n endosperm.
Q61 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Ploidy of endosperm and embryo respectively in angiosperms:
(A)
3n and 2n
(B)
2n and 3n
(C)
n and 2n
(D)
3n and n
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (A) 3n and 2n
Endosperm is 3n; embryo (from zygote) is 2n.
Q62 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which pair are both haplo-diplontic?
(A)
Algae and gymnosperms
(B)
Bryophytes and pteridophytes
(C)
Angiosperms and gymnosperms
(D)
Volvox and Fucus
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Bryophytes and pteridophytes
Bryophytes and pteridophytes have both phases free-living.
Q63 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Odd one out (all lack vascular tissue except):
(A)
Marchantia
(B)
Funaria
(C)
Selaginella
(D)
Sphagnum
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Selaginella
Selaginella is a pteridophyte with vascular tissue; the rest are bryophytes.
Q64 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] A plant with tap root, net venation, seeds inside a fruit, parts in fives is a:
(A)
Monocot
(B)
Dicot
(C)
Gymnosperm
(D)
Pteridophyte
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Dicot
All features point to a dicot angiosperm.
Q65 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] The retention of the developing zygote on the parent first clearly appears in:
(A)
Green algae
(B)
Heterosporous pteridophytes
(C)
Homosporous ferns
(D)
Brown algae
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Heterosporous pteridophytes
Heterosporous pteridophytes (Selaginella) retain the female gametophyte/zygote — a seed precursor.
Q66 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which is correctly matched (alga – use)?
(A)
Gelidium – agar
(B)
Sargassum – agar
(C)
Chlorella – algin
(D)
Porphyra – carrageen
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (A) Gelidium – agar
Agar is from Gelidium (and Gracilaria).
Q67 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] In gymnosperms the female gametophyte bears:
(A)
Antheridia
(B)
Archegonia
(C)
Sori
(D)
Gemmae
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Archegonia
The gymnosperm female gametophyte bears archegonia.
Q68 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which correctly orders ploidy: spore, gametophyte, gamete, zygote?
(A)
n, n, n, 2n
(B)
2n, n, n, 2n
(C)
n, 2n, n, 2n
(D)
2n, 2n, n, n
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (A) n, n, n, 2n
Spore (n) → gametophyte (n) → gamete (n) → zygote (2n).
Q69 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Isogamy, anisogamy and oogamy differ in the:
(A)
Number of gametes
(B)
Size/motility of fusing gametes
(C)
Ploidy of gametes
(D)
Colour of thallus
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Size/motility of fusing gametes
They differ in the size and motility of the two gametes.
Q70 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which feature is shared by bryophytes and pteridophytes but NOT gymnosperms?
(A)
Vascular tissue
(B)
Need for water in fertilisation
(C)
Naked seeds
(D)
Dominant sporophyte
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Need for water in fertilisation
Both bryophytes and pteridophytes need water for fertilisation; gymnosperms do not.
Q71 of 80
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[Boss] The 3n primary endosperm nucleus results from fusion of:
(A)
Two eggs
(B)
One male gamete + egg
(C)
One male gamete + two polar nuclei
(D)
Two male gametes
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Correct Answer: (C) One male gamete + two polar nuclei
Triple fusion: one male gamete + two polar nuclei → 3n.
Q72 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which is NOT a modern tool of taxonomy?
(A)
Numerical taxonomy
(B)
Cytotaxonomy
(C)
Chemotaxonomy
(D)
Artificial taxonomy
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Correct Answer: (D) Artificial taxonomy
Artificial classification is an old approach, not a modern tool.
Q73 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Peat used as fuel is mainly derived from:
(A)
Marchantia
(B)
Sphagnum
(C)
Selaginella
(D)
Chara
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Correct Answer: (B) Sphagnum
Sphagnum (peat moss) forms peat over time.
Q74 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which alga is used as a food supplement even for space travellers?
(A)
Gelidium
(B)
Spirulina
(C)
Sargassum
(D)
Polysiphonia
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Correct Answer: (B) Spirulina
Spirulina (and Chlorella) are protein-rich supplements.
Q75 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] The main plant body of a moss is:
(A)
Diploid sporophyte
(B)
Haploid gametophyte
(C)
Triploid endosperm
(D)
Diploid prothallus
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Correct Answer: (B) Haploid gametophyte
The dominant moss body is the haploid gametophyte.
Q76 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which is the correct evolutionary trend across the plant kingdom?
(A)
Increasing dependence on water
(B)
Gametophyte becoming dominant
(C)
Sporophyte becoming dominant & independent
(D)
Loss of vascular tissue
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Correct Answer: (C) Sporophyte becoming dominant & independent
The trend is toward a dominant, independent sporophyte and reduced dependence on water.
Q77 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which structure is diploid?
(A)
Antherozoid of moss
(B)
Prothallus of fern
(C)
Sporophyte of moss
(D)
Egg in archegonium
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Correct Answer: (C) Sporophyte of moss
The moss sporophyte is diploid (2n); the others are haploid.
Q78 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] A botanist finds two spore sizes in a pteridophyte. It is:
(A)
Homosporous
(B)
Heterosporous
(C)
Non-vascular
(D)
A gymnosperm
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Correct Answer: (B) Heterosporous
Two spore sizes → heterosporous (e.g. Selaginella/Salvinia).
Q79 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Which best explains why angiosperms dominate land flora?
(A)
They lack seeds
(B)
Flowers, fruits and double fertilisation together
(C)
They are non-vascular
(D)
They need water to reproduce
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Correct Answer: (B) Flowers, fruits and double fertilisation together
Flowers, protective fruits, and nourishing endosperm from double fertilisation drive their success.
Q80 of 80
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
[Boss] Ectocarpus, Polysiphonia and kelps illustrate which life cycle?
(A)
Haplontic
(B)
Diplontic
(C)
Haplo-diplontic
(D)
None
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Haplo-diplontic
These algae are haplo-diplontic, with both multicellular phases free-living.