Complete Evolution Question Bank & Solutions (70 Questions)
Q1 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The origin of the universe is explained by:
(A)
Panspermia
(B)
The Big Bang theory
(C)
Special creation
(D)
Spontaneous generation
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) The Big Bang theory
The Big Bang theory (~20 bya).
Q2 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The Earth is about how old?
(A)
4.5 million years
(B)
45 million years
(C)
4.5 billion years
(D)
20 billion years
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) 4.5 billion years
~4.5 billion years old.
Q3 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The idea that life came from outer space is:
(A)
Abiogenesis
(B)
Panspermia
(C)
Biogenesis
(D)
Chemical evolution
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Panspermia
Panspermia.
Q4 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Spontaneous generation was disproved by:
(A)
Darwin
(B)
Oparin
(C)
Louis Pasteur
(D)
Miller
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Louis Pasteur
Pasteur's swan-neck flask experiment.
Q5 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Chemical evolution was proposed by:
(A)
Darwin & Wallace
(B)
Oparin & Haldane
(C)
Watson & Crick
(D)
Lamarck
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Oparin & Haldane
Oparin and Haldane.
Q6 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The Miller–Urey experiment produced:
(A)
Nucleic acids
(B)
Amino acids
(C)
Proteins
(D)
Cells
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Amino acids
Amino acids formed from simple gases.
Q7 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which gas was NOT used by Miller?
(A)
Methane
(B)
Ammonia
(C)
Oxygen
(D)
Hydrogen
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Oxygen
The early atmosphere was reducing — no free oxygen.
Q8 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Direct evidence of evolution comes from:
(A)
Fossils
(B)
Vestigial organs only
(C)
Embryos only
(D)
DNA only
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (A) Fossils
Fossils are direct palaeontological evidence.
Q9 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Forelimbs of whale, bat and human are:
(A)
Analogous
(B)
Homologous
(C)
Vestigial
(D)
Unrelated
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Homologous
Same structure, different function — homologous.
Q10 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Homologous organs indicate:
(A)
Convergent evolution
(B)
Divergent evolution
(C)
No evolution
(D)
Adaptive radiation
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Divergent evolution
Divergent evolution.
Q11 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Wings of a butterfly and a bird are:
(A)
Homologous
(B)
Analogous
(C)
Vestigial
(D)
Identical
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Analogous
Different origin, same function — analogous.
Q12 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Analogous organs are a result of:
(A)
Divergent evolution
(B)
Convergent evolution
(C)
Genetic drift
(D)
Mutation
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Convergent evolution
Convergent evolution.
Q13 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which is an example of analogous organs in plants?
(A)
Thorn & tendril
(B)
Sweet potato & potato
(C)
Whale & bat limbs
(D)
Heart & brain
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Sweet potato & potato
Sweet potato (root) & potato (stem) — same function, different origin.
Q14 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Darwin's finches are a classic example of:
(A)
Convergent evolution
(B)
Adaptive radiation
(C)
Genetic drift
(D)
Industrial melanism
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Adaptive radiation
Adaptive radiation on the Galapagos.
Q15 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Darwin travelled on the ship:
(A)
HMS Victory
(B)
HMS Beagle
(C)
HMS Endeavour
(D)
HMS Challenger
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) HMS Beagle
HMS Beagle.
Q16 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Who independently proposed natural selection with Darwin?
(A)
Lamarck
(B)
de Vries
(C)
Wallace
(D)
Mendel
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Wallace
Alfred Russel Wallace.
Q17 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
In Darwinian terms, fitness means:
(A)
Physical strength
(B)
Reproductive success
(C)
Body size
(D)
Long life
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Reproductive success
Fitness = leaving more surviving offspring.
Q18 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The peppered moth example illustrates:
(A)
Genetic drift
(B)
Natural selection
(C)
Mutation theory
(D)
Lamarckism
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Natural selection
Industrial melanism = natural selection.
Q19 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Scientific name of the peppered moth is:
(A)
Drosophila melanogaster
(B)
Biston betularia
(C)
Oenothera lamarckiana
(D)
Pisum sativum
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Biston betularia
Biston betularia.
Q20 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Inheritance of acquired characters was proposed by:
(A)
Darwin
(B)
Lamarck
(C)
de Vries
(D)
Wallace
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Lamarck
Lamarck (use and disuse).
Q21 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Lamarck explained the giraffe's long neck by:
(A)
Mutation
(B)
Use and disuse
(C)
Genetic drift
(D)
Selection
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Use and disuse
Stretching (use) lengthening the neck, then inherited.
Q22 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The mutation theory of evolution was given by:
(A)
Darwin
(B)
Hugo de Vries
(C)
Lamarck
(D)
Wallace
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Hugo de Vries
Hugo de Vries.
Q23 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
de Vries' mutation theory was based on:
(A)
Pea
(B)
Fruit fly
(C)
Oenothera lamarckiana
(D)
Peppered moth
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Oenothera lamarckiana
The evening primrose, Oenothera lamarckiana.
Q24 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Sudden large heritable changes (saltation) were emphasised by:
(A)
Darwin
(B)
de Vries
(C)
Lamarck
(D)
Mendel
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) de Vries
de Vries called them saltation.
Q25 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Darwin's variations are described as:
(A)
Large and sudden
(B)
Small and gradual
(C)
Non-heritable
(D)
Always harmful
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Small and gradual
Small, gradual and directional.
Q26 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The Hardy–Weinberg equation is:
(A)
p + q = 1
(B)
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
(C)
p² + q² = 1
(D)
2pq = 1
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) p² + 2pq + q² = 1
p² + 2pq + q² = 1 (with p+q=1).
Q27 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
In Hardy–Weinberg, 2pq represents:
(A)
AA
(B)
Aa
(C)
aa
(D)
Total
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Aa
Heterozygotes (Aa).
Q28 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The total of all alleles in a population is the:
(A)
Genotype
(B)
Gene pool
(C)
Phenotype
(D)
Genome
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Gene pool
The gene pool.
Q29 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which is NOT a factor changing allele frequency?
(A)
Gene flow
(B)
Genetic drift
(C)
Mutation
(D)
Photosynthesis
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (D) Photosynthesis
The five factors are migration, drift, mutation, recombination, selection.
Q30 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Random change in allele frequency is:
(A)
Natural selection
(B)
Genetic drift
(C)
Gene flow
(D)
Mutation
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Genetic drift
Genetic drift — strong in small populations.
Q31 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The founder effect is a special case of:
(A)
Mutation
(B)
Genetic drift
(C)
Selection
(D)
Migration
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Genetic drift
It is a form of genetic drift.
Q32 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Selection that favours average individuals is:
(A)
Directional
(B)
Disruptive
(C)
Stabilising
(D)
Artificial
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Stabilising
Stabilising selection removes extremes.
Q33 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Selection that shifts the mean toward one extreme is:
(A)
Stabilising
(B)
Directional
(C)
Disruptive
(D)
Neutral
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Directional
Directional selection.
Q34 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Selection favouring both extremes is:
(A)
Stabilising
(B)
Directional
(C)
Disruptive
(D)
Balancing
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Disruptive
Disruptive selection — produces two peaks.
Q35 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Dinosaurs went extinct about:
(A)
6.5 mya
(B)
65 mya
(C)
650 mya
(D)
1.5 mya
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) 65 mya
About 65 million years ago.
Q36 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Australia's unique marsupials are explained by:
(A)
Mutation
(B)
Continental drift & isolation
(C)
Panspermia
(D)
Artificial selection
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Continental drift & isolation
Isolation by continental drift allowed marsupial radiation.
Q37 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The ~15-mya ancestors of man were:
(A)
Australopithecus
(B)
Homo habilis
(C)
Dryopithecus & Ramapithecus
(D)
Homo erectus
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Dryopithecus & Ramapithecus
Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus.
Q38 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The first upright-walking man-like primate was:
(A)
Homo habilis
(B)
Australopithecus
(C)
Homo erectus
(D)
Neanderthal
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Australopithecus
Australopithecus (~3–4 mya).
Q39 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Homo habilis had a brain capacity of about:
(A)
450 cc
(B)
650–800 cc
(C)
900 cc
(D)
1400 cc
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) 650–800 cc
650–800 cc; probably did not eat meat.
Q40 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Homo erectus had a brain capacity of about:
(A)
650 cc
(B)
900 cc
(C)
1200 cc
(D)
1400 cc
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) 900 cc
About 900 cc; probably ate meat.
Q41 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Neanderthal man had a brain capacity of about:
(A)
800 cc
(B)
900 cc
(C)
1400 cc
(D)
2000 cc
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) 1400 cc
About 1400 cc.
Q42 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Modern Homo sapiens arose in:
(A)
Asia
(B)
Europe
(C)
Africa
(D)
Australia
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Africa
In Africa, then migrated outward.
Q43 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Agriculture began about how long ago?
(A)
1,000 years
(B)
10,000 years
(C)
100,000 years
(D)
1 million years
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) 10,000 years
About 10,000 years ago.
Q44 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Pre-historic cave art at Bhimbetka is about how old?
(A)
1,800 years
(B)
18,000 years
(C)
180,000 years
(D)
1.8 million years
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) 18,000 years
About 18,000 years old.
Q45 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The Ice Age occurred between:
(A)
75,000–10,000 ya
(B)
1 mya–500,000 ya
(C)
10,000–1,000 ya
(D)
100–50 ya
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (A) 75,000–10,000 ya
Roughly 75,000 to 10,000 years ago.
Q46 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Eyes of octopus and mammals are an example of:
(A)
Homology
(B)
Analogy
(C)
Vestigial organs
(D)
Mutation
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Analogy
Analogous — convergent evolution.
Q47 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria demonstrate:
(A)
Lamarckism
(B)
Natural selection
(C)
Genetic drift
(D)
Panspermia
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Natural selection
Selection pressure favouring resistant variants.
Q48 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Divergent evolution produces:
(A)
Analogous organs
(B)
Homologous organs
(C)
Vestigial organs
(D)
Identical organs
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Homologous organs
Homologous organs from a common ancestor.
Q49 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which sequence of human evolution is correct?
(A)
erectus → habilis → sapiens
(B)
habilis → erectus → sapiens
(C)
sapiens → erectus → habilis
(D)
erectus → sapiens → habilis
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) habilis → erectus → sapiens
Homo habilis → Homo erectus → Homo sapiens.
Q50 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The vermiform appendix in humans is an example of a:
(A)
Homologous organ
(B)
Analogous organ
(C)
Vestigial organ
(D)
Connecting link
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Vestigial organ
It is a reduced, functionless remnant — a vestigial organ.
Q51 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The connecting link between reptiles and birds is:
(A)
Peripatus
(B)
Archaeopteryx
(C)
Sphenodon
(D)
Latimeria
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Archaeopteryx
Archaeopteryx shows both reptilian and avian features.
Q52 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Archaeopteryx resembled reptiles in having:
(A)
Feathers
(B)
Wings
(C)
Teeth and a long bony tail
(D)
A four-chambered heart
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Teeth and a long bony tail
Teeth, clawed digits and a bony tail are reptilian traits.
Q53 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
A well-known 'living fossil' is:
(A)
Housefly
(B)
Limulus (king crab)
(C)
Frog
(D)
Pigeon
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Limulus (king crab)
Limulus has changed little over geological time.
Q54 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Coacervates in the origin-of-life scheme were proposed by:
(A)
Darwin
(B)
Oparin
(C)
Pasteur
(D)
Miller
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Oparin
Oparin proposed coacervates as precursors of cells.
Q55 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The earliest organisms on Earth were most likely:
(A)
Aerobic eukaryotes
(B)
Anaerobic prokaryotes
(C)
Photosynthetic plants
(D)
Multicellular animals
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Anaerobic prokaryotes
Life began as anaerobic prokaryotes in an oxygen-free ocean.
Q56 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Free oxygen first accumulated in the atmosphere due to:
(A)
Volcanic gases
(B)
Photosynthesis by cyanobacteria
(C)
Meteor impacts
(D)
UV splitting of water only
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Photosynthesis by cyanobacteria
Cyanobacterial photosynthesis released O₂.
Q57 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The era known as the 'Age of Reptiles' is the:
(A)
Palaeozoic
(B)
Mesozoic
(C)
Cenozoic
(D)
Precambrian
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Mesozoic
Dinosaurs dominated the Mesozoic.
Q58 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Mammals became the dominant land vertebrates during the:
(A)
Palaeozoic
(B)
Mesozoic
(C)
Cenozoic
(D)
Archean
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Cenozoic
The Cenozoic is the 'Age of Mammals'.
Q59 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Similarity of cytochrome-c among many species is an example of ___ evidence:
(A)
Palaeontological
(B)
Anatomical
(C)
Biochemical (molecular)
(D)
Embryological
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Biochemical (molecular)
Shared molecules indicate common ancestry.
Q60 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
If 4% of a population shows a recessive trait (q² = 0.04), the frequency of carriers (2pq) is:
(A)
0.16
(B)
0.20
(C)
0.32
(D)
0.64
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) 0.32
q = 0.2, p = 0.8, 2pq = 0.32.
Q61 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Flippers of penguins and dolphins are:
(A)
Homologous (divergent)
(B)
Analogous (convergent)
(C)
Vestigial
(D)
Connecting links
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Analogous (convergent)
Similar form for swimming from unrelated ancestors — analogous.
Q62 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Divergent evolution gives rise to:
(A)
Analogous organs
(B)
Homologous organs
(C)
Vestigial organs
(D)
Living fossils
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Homologous organs
A common structure diversifies into homologous organs.
Q63 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The essential requirement for speciation is:
(A)
Large body size
(B)
Reproductive isolation
(C)
High mutation only
(D)
Long lifespan
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Reproductive isolation
Isolation stops gene flow, allowing divergence.
Q64 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Sweet potato (modified root) and potato (modified stem) are:
(A)
Homologous
(B)
Analogous
(C)
Vestigial
(D)
Connecting links
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Analogous
Same function (storage), different origins — analogous.
Q65 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Formation of new species from geographically separated populations is:
(A)
Sympatric speciation
(B)
Allopatric speciation
(C)
Convergence
(D)
Genetic drift
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Allopatric speciation
Geographic separation defines allopatric speciation.
Q66 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Compared with Dryopithecus, Ramapithecus was:
(A)
More ape-like
(B)
More man-like
(C)
Fully aquatic
(D)
A reptile
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) More man-like
Ramapithecus showed more man-like features.
Q67 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Cro-Magnon man belonged to the species:
(A)
Homo habilis
(B)
Homo erectus
(C)
Homo sapiens
(D)
Australopithecus
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Homo sapiens
Cro-Magnons were early modern Homo sapiens.
Q68 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The correct sequence of human evolution is:
(A)
Homo erectus → Australopithecus → Homo habilis → Homo sapiens
(B)
Australopithecus → Homo habilis → Homo erectus → Homo sapiens
(C)
Homo habilis → Australopithecus → Homo sapiens → Homo erectus
(D)
Homo sapiens → Homo erectus → Homo habilis → Australopithecus
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Australopithecus → Homo habilis → Homo erectus → Homo sapiens
Australopithecus → habilis → erectus → sapiens.
Q69 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
The near-universality of the genetic code across species is evidence of the ___ type:
(A)
Anatomical
(B)
Palaeontological
(C)
Molecular
(D)
Embryological
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Molecular
Shared code implies common molecular ancestry.
Q70 of 70
NEET NCERT Line-by-Line
Which pair are homologous organs?
(A)
Wings of bird and insect
(B)
Forelimbs of whale and bat
(C)
Eye of octopus and mammal
(D)
Flippers of penguin and dolphin
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Forelimbs of whale and bat
Whale and bat forelimbs share ancestry — homologous.