Complete Locomotion & Movement Question Bank & Solutions (24 Questions)
Q1 of 24
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Locomotion in humans is brought about mainly by:
(A)
Ciliary movement
(B)
Amoeboid movement
(C)
Muscular movement
(D)
Cytoplasmic streaming
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Correct Answer: (C) Muscular movement
Voluntary contraction of skeletal muscles moving the limbs produces locomotion.
Q2 of 24
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Amoeboid movement of macrophages and leucocytes involves:
(A)
Cilia
(B)
Pseudopodia and the cytoskeleton
(C)
Flagella
(D)
Tendons
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Correct Answer: (B) Pseudopodia and the cytoskeleton
Pseudopodia are formed by streaming of protoplasm involving microfilaments of the cytoskeleton.
Q3 of 24
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Cilia in the human trachea help to:
(A)
Move the ovum
(B)
Pump blood
(C)
Move dust-laden mucus outward
(D)
Digest food
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Correct Answer: (C) Move dust-laden mucus outward
Ciliated epithelium of the trachea sweeps dust-trapping mucus away from the lungs.
Q4 of 24
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Which muscle type is striated but involuntary?
(A)
Skeletal
(B)
Smooth/visceral
(C)
Cardiac
(D)
All of these
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Correct Answer: (C) Cardiac
Cardiac muscle is striated and branched yet works involuntarily.
Q5 of 24
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The functional unit of contraction in a muscle fibre is the:
(A)
Myofibril
(B)
Sarcomere
(C)
Fascicle
(D)
Sarcolemma
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Correct Answer: (B) Sarcomere
A sarcomere is the region between two Z lines and is the contractile unit.
Q6 of 24
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The thin filament of a myofibril is made of:
(A)
Myosin
(B)
Actin, tropomyosin and troponin
(C)
Only tropomyosin
(D)
Meromyosin
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Correct Answer: (B) Actin, tropomyosin and troponin
The thin filament consists of F-actin plus tropomyosin and troponin.
Q7 of 24
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At rest, the actin binding sites for myosin are masked by:
(A)
Calcium
(B)
Troponin
(C)
ATP
(D)
Myoglobin
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Correct Answer: (B) Troponin
A troponin subunit covers the binding sites until calcium displaces it.
Q8 of 24
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According to the sliding filament theory, during contraction the:
(A)
A band shortens
(B)
Thin filaments slide over thick filaments
(C)
Z lines move apart
(D)
Myosin filaments shorten
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Correct Answer: (B) Thin filaments slide over thick filaments
Thin filaments slide over thick ones; the A band stays the same length while I bands shorten.
Q9 of 24
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The neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction is:
(A)
Adrenaline
(B)
Acetylcholine
(C)
Dopamine
(D)
Insulin
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Correct Answer: (B) Acetylcholine
Acetylcholine generates the action potential that spreads along the sarcolemma.
Q10 of 24
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Muscle contraction is triggered when calcium ions bind to:
(A)
Myosin
(B)
Tropomyosin
(C)
Troponin
(D)
Actin tail
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Correct Answer: (C) Troponin
Ca²⁺ binds troponin, shifting tropomyosin to expose the actin sites.
Q11 of 24
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During contraction, which of these does NOT change in length?
(A)
I band
(B)
H zone
(C)
A band
(D)
Sarcomere
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Correct Answer: (C) A band
The A band (thick filament length) is constant; the I band, H zone and sarcomere shorten.
Q12 of 24
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Red muscle fibres are characterised by:
(A)
Low myoglobin
(B)
Abundant myoglobin and mitochondria
(C)
Anaerobic metabolism
(D)
Rapid fatigue
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Correct Answer: (B) Abundant myoglobin and mitochondria
Red (aerobic) fibres are rich in myoglobin and mitochondria and resist fatigue.
Q13 of 24
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The total number of bones in the adult human body is:
(A)
196
(B)
206
(C)
216
(D)
306
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Correct Answer: (B) 206
There are 206 bones — 80 axial and 126 appendicular.
Q14 of 24
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Which is part of the axial skeleton?
(A)
Femur
(B)
Vertebral column
(C)
Scapula
(D)
Carpals
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Correct Answer: (B) Vertebral column
The vertebral column, skull, ribs, sternum, hyoid and ear ossicles form the axial skeleton.
Q15 of 24
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The number of vertebrae in the human vertebral column is:
(A)
24
(B)
26
(C)
30
(D)
33
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Correct Answer: (B) 26
26 vertebrae: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 1 sacrum and 1 coccyx (last two fused).
Q16 of 24
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Ribs that are attached dorsally to vertebrae but not connected ventrally are called:
(A)
True ribs
(B)
False ribs
(C)
Floating ribs
(D)
Cervical ribs
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Correct Answer: (C) Floating ribs
The 11th and 12th pairs are floating ribs with no ventral attachment.
Q17 of 24
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The longest bone in the human body is the:
(A)
Humerus
(B)
Tibia
(C)
Femur
(D)
Radius
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Correct Answer: (C) Femur
The femur (thigh bone) of the hindlimb is the longest bone.
Q18 of 24
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The glenoid cavity is found on the:
(A)
Pelvic girdle
(B)
Scapula
(C)
Sternum
(D)
Femur
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Correct Answer: (B) Scapula
The scapula's glenoid cavity articulates with the head of the humerus.
Q19 of 24
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The head of the femur fits into which cavity of the pelvic girdle?
(A)
Glenoid cavity
(B)
Acetabulum
(C)
Olecranon
(D)
Sigmoid notch
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Correct Answer: (B) Acetabulum
The acetabulum of the coxal bone receives the femur to form the hip joint.
Q20 of 24
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A pivot joint is found:
(A)
At the knee
(B)
Between the atlas and axis
(C)
At the shoulder
(D)
Between carpals
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Correct Answer: (B) Between the atlas and axis
The pivot joint between the atlas and axis allows rotation of the head.
Q21 of 24
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The immovable joints between flat skull bones are:
(A)
Synovial
(B)
Cartilaginous
(C)
Fibrous (sutures)
(D)
Saddle
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Correct Answer: (C) Fibrous (sutures)
Skull bones are united by fibrous sutures that allow no movement.
Q22 of 24
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Myasthenia gravis is best described as:
(A)
A genetic muscle wasting
(B)
An autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junction
(C)
A joint inflammation
(D)
Low blood calcium
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Correct Answer: (B) An autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junction
Autoimmune attack at the neuromuscular junction causes fatigue and muscle weakness.
Q23 of 24
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Tetany (muscle cramps with wild spasms) results from:
(A)
Excess uric acid
(B)
Low calcium ions in body fluid
(C)
Low oestrogen
(D)
Bacterial infection
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Correct Answer: (B) Low calcium ions in body fluid
A fall in body-fluid Ca²⁺ produces the rapid spasms of tetany.
Q24 of 24
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Gout is caused by accumulation of:
(A)
Lactic acid
(B)
Calcium crystals
(C)
Uric acid crystals in the joints
(D)
Bilirubin
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Correct Answer: (C) Uric acid crystals in the joints
Uric acid crystals deposited in joints cause the inflammation of gout.