Complete Neural Control & Coordination Question Bank & Solutions (50 Questions)
Q1 of 50
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The structural and functional unit of the nervous system is the:
(A)
Nephron
(B)
Neuron
(C)
Neuroglia
(D)
Axon
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Correct Answer: (B) Neuron
The neuron carries and transmits impulses.
Q2 of 50
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Granular bodies in the cyton are:
(A)
Golgi bodies
(B)
Nissl bodies
(C)
Ribosomes
(D)
Centrioles
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Correct Answer: (B) Nissl bodies
Nissl bodies are found in the neuron cell body.
Q3 of 50
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Myelin sheath is formed by:
(A)
Neurons
(B)
Schwann cells
(C)
Microglia
(D)
Astrocytes
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Correct Answer: (B) Schwann cells
Schwann cells wrap axons to form myelin.
Q4 of 50
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Gaps in the myelin sheath are called:
(A)
Synapses
(B)
Nodes of Ranvier
(C)
Dendrites
(D)
Axon hillocks
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Correct Answer: (B) Nodes of Ranvier
Nodes of Ranvier are the unmyelinated gaps.
Q5 of 50
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Bipolar neurons are typically found in the:
(A)
Spinal cord
(B)
Retina of the eye
(C)
Cerebellum
(D)
Skin
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Correct Answer: (B) Retina of the eye
Retinal neurons are bipolar.
Q6 of 50
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The resting potential of a neuron is about:
(A)
+30 mV
(B)
0 mV
(C)
−70 mV
(D)
−30 mV
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Correct Answer: (C) −70 mV
The polarised resting membrane sits near −70 mV.
Q7 of 50
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The Na⁺/K⁺ pump moves:
(A)
2 Na⁺ out, 3 K⁺ in
(B)
3 Na⁺ out, 2 K⁺ in
(C)
3 K⁺ out, 2 Na⁺ in
(D)
Equal Na⁺ and K⁺
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Correct Answer: (B) 3 Na⁺ out, 2 K⁺ in
It expels 3 Na⁺ and takes in 2 K⁺ using ATP.
Q8 of 50
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Depolarisation of a neuron is caused by influx of:
(A)
K⁺
(B)
Na⁺
(C)
Ca²⁺
(D)
Cl⁻
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Correct Answer: (B) Na⁺
Na⁺ entering reverses the membrane polarity.
Q9 of 50
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Repolarisation is brought about by efflux of:
(A)
Na⁺
(B)
K⁺
(C)
Ca²⁺
(D)
Cl⁻
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Correct Answer: (B) K⁺
K⁺ leaving restores the negative interior.
Q10 of 50
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Conduction that jumps node to node is called:
(A)
Continuous
(B)
Saltatory
(C)
Synaptic
(D)
Reflex
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Correct Answer: (B) Saltatory
Saltatory conduction occurs in myelinated fibres.
Q11 of 50
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Which conducts impulses faster?
(A)
Non-myelinated axon
(B)
Myelinated axon
(C)
Dendrite
(D)
Cell body
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Correct Answer: (B) Myelinated axon
Myelinated axons conduct faster by saltatory conduction.
Q12 of 50
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A common neurotransmitter at synapses is:
(A)
Insulin
(B)
Acetylcholine
(C)
Renin
(D)
Thrombin
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Correct Answer: (B) Acetylcholine
Acetylcholine is a widespread neurotransmitter.
Q13 of 50
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Neurotransmitter release is triggered by entry of:
(A)
Na⁺
(B)
K⁺
(C)
Ca²⁺
(D)
Cl⁻
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Correct Answer: (C) Ca²⁺
Ca²⁺ influx causes vesicle fusion and release.
Q14 of 50
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The central nervous system consists of:
(A)
Brain & nerves
(B)
Brain & spinal cord
(C)
Spinal cord & nerves
(D)
Nerves only
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Correct Answer: (B) Brain & spinal cord
CNS = brain + spinal cord.
Q15 of 50
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Sensory (afferent) neurons carry impulses:
(A)
Away from the CNS
(B)
Toward the CNS
(C)
Within muscles
(D)
Between glands
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Correct Answer: (B) Toward the CNS
Afferent neurons bring impulses to the CNS.
Q16 of 50
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"Fight or flight" responses are due to the:
(A)
Parasympathetic system
(B)
Sympathetic system
(C)
Somatic system
(D)
Sensory system
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Correct Answer: (B) Sympathetic system
The sympathetic division prepares for emergencies.
Q17 of 50
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Number of pairs of cranial nerves in humans is:
(A)
10
(B)
12
(C)
31
(D)
33
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Correct Answer: (B) 12
There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
Q18 of 50
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Number of pairs of spinal nerves is:
(A)
12
(B)
21
(C)
31
(D)
41
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Correct Answer: (C) 31
There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
Q19 of 50
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The outermost meninx is the:
(A)
Pia mater
(B)
Arachnoid
(C)
Dura mater
(D)
Cortex
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Correct Answer: (C) Dura mater
Dura mater is the tough outer covering.
Q20 of 50
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Cerebrospinal fluid mainly serves to:
(A)
Carry oxygen
(B)
Cushion the brain
(C)
Digest food
(D)
Produce hormones
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Correct Answer: (B) Cushion the brain
CSF protects and nourishes the CNS.
Q21 of 50
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The largest part of the human brain is the:
(A)
Cerebellum
(B)
Cerebrum
(C)
Medulla
(D)
Pons
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Correct Answer: (B) Cerebrum
The cerebrum is the largest brain region.
Q22 of 50
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The two cerebral hemispheres are connected by the:
(A)
Corpus callosum
(B)
Corpora quadrigemina
(C)
Pons
(D)
Thalamus
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Correct Answer: (A) Corpus callosum
The corpus callosum links the hemispheres.
Q23 of 50
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The cerebral cortex is composed of:
(A)
White matter
(B)
Grey matter
(C)
Cartilage
(D)
Adipose tissue
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Correct Answer: (B) Grey matter
The cortex is grey matter (cell bodies).
Q24 of 50
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Vision is processed in the:
(A)
Frontal lobe
(B)
Temporal lobe
(C)
Occipital lobe
(D)
Parietal lobe
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Correct Answer: (C) Occipital lobe
The occipital lobe handles vision.
Q25 of 50
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Hearing is processed in the:
(A)
Occipital lobe
(B)
Temporal lobe
(C)
Frontal lobe
(D)
Parietal lobe
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Correct Answer: (B) Temporal lobe
The temporal lobe handles hearing.
Q26 of 50
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Body temperature, hunger and thirst are controlled by the:
(A)
Cerebrum
(B)
Hypothalamus
(C)
Cerebellum
(D)
Medulla
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Correct Answer: (B) Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus regulates these homeostatic functions.
Q27 of 50
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The relay centre for sensory impulses is the:
(A)
Thalamus
(B)
Pons
(C)
Cerebellum
(D)
Medulla
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Correct Answer: (A) Thalamus
The thalamus relays sensory and motor signals.
Q28 of 50
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Coordination of movement and balance is by the:
(A)
Cerebrum
(B)
Cerebellum
(C)
Medulla
(D)
Hypothalamus
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Correct Answer: (B) Cerebellum
The cerebellum controls balance and coordination.
Q29 of 50
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Breathing and heartbeat are regulated by the:
(A)
Cerebrum
(B)
Cerebellum
(C)
Medulla oblongata
(D)
Thalamus
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Correct Answer: (C) Medulla oblongata
The medulla houses vital centres.
Q30 of 50
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Visual and auditory reflexes are centred in the:
(A)
Cerebellum
(B)
Corpora quadrigemina
(C)
Pons
(D)
Hypothalamus
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Correct Answer: (B) Corpora quadrigemina
The corpora quadrigemina of the midbrain control these reflexes.
Q31 of 50
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The correct reflex-arc sequence is:
(A)
Effector→motor→CNS→sensory→receptor
(B)
Receptor→sensory→CNS→motor→effector
(C)
Receptor→motor→CNS→sensory→effector
(D)
CNS→receptor→sensory→motor→effector
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Correct Answer: (B) Receptor→sensory→CNS→motor→effector
Receptor → sensory neuron → CNS → motor neuron → effector.
Q32 of 50
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A reflex action is:
(A)
Slow and voluntary
(B)
Rapid and involuntary
(C)
Always conscious
(D)
Independent of neurons
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Correct Answer: (B) Rapid and involuntary
Reflexes are fast, automatic responses.
Q33 of 50
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The transparent front part of the eye is the:
(A)
Sclera
(B)
Cornea
(C)
Choroid
(D)
Retina
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Correct Answer: (B) Cornea
The cornea is the clear front of the sclera.
Q34 of 50
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The coloured part controlling the pupil is the:
(A)
Lens
(B)
Iris
(C)
Cornea
(D)
Retina
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Correct Answer: (B) Iris
The iris adjusts the pupil size.
Q35 of 50
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Photoreceptors active in dim light are:
(A)
Cones
(B)
Rods
(C)
Bipolar cells
(D)
Ganglion cells
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Correct Answer: (B) Rods
Rods (rhodopsin) function in low light.
Q36 of 50
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Colour vision is provided by:
(A)
Rods
(B)
Cones
(C)
Rhodopsin
(D)
The blind spot
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Correct Answer: (B) Cones
Three types of cones provide colour vision.
Q37 of 50
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The visual pigment in rods is:
(A)
Iodopsin
(B)
Rhodopsin
(C)
Melanin
(D)
Haemoglobin
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Correct Answer: (B) Rhodopsin
Rhodopsin (visual purple) is the rod pigment.
Q38 of 50
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The point of sharpest vision is the:
(A)
Blind spot
(B)
Fovea
(C)
Cornea
(D)
Iris
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Correct Answer: (B) Fovea
The fovea (yellow spot) is cone-rich.
Q39 of 50
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The blind spot lacks:
(A)
Blood vessels
(B)
Photoreceptors
(C)
Pigment
(D)
Nerves
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Correct Answer: (B) Photoreceptors
It has no rods or cones — only the optic nerve exit.
Q40 of 50
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The three ear ossicles in order are:
(A)
Stapes, incus, malleus
(B)
Malleus, incus, stapes
(C)
Incus, malleus, stapes
(D)
Malleus, stapes, incus
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Correct Answer: (B) Malleus, incus, stapes
Malleus → incus → stapes (hammer, anvil, stirrup).
Q41 of 50
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The organ of hearing is the:
(A)
Organ of Corti
(B)
Semicircular canal
(C)
Utricle
(D)
Pinna
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Correct Answer: (A) Organ of Corti
The organ of Corti in the cochlea detects sound.
Q42 of 50
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Balance is maintained by the:
(A)
Cochlea
(B)
Vestibular apparatus
(C)
Eardrum
(D)
Pinna
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Correct Answer: (B) Vestibular apparatus
Semicircular canals, utricle and saccule sense balance.
Q43 of 50
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The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the:
(A)
Nose
(B)
Pharynx
(C)
Cochlea
(D)
Brain
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Correct Answer: (B) Pharynx
It links the middle ear to the pharynx to equalise pressure.
Q44 of 50
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The eardrum is also called the:
(A)
Oval window
(B)
Tympanic membrane
(C)
Basilar membrane
(D)
Pinna
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Correct Answer: (B) Tympanic membrane
The tympanic membrane is the eardrum.
Q45 of 50
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White matter of the brain is rich in:
(A)
Cell bodies
(B)
Myelinated axons
(C)
Cartilage
(D)
Glands
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Correct Answer: (B) Myelinated axons
Myelin gives white matter its colour.
Q46 of 50
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The brain stem comprises:
(A)
Cerebrum, thalamus, pons
(B)
Midbrain, pons, medulla
(C)
Cerebellum, pons, medulla
(D)
Thalamus, hypothalamus, pons
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Correct Answer: (B) Midbrain, pons, medulla
Midbrain + pons + medulla form the brain stem.
Q47 of 50
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Emotions and memory are governed by the:
(A)
Cerebellum
(B)
Limbic system
(C)
Medulla
(D)
Pons
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Correct Answer: (B) Limbic system
The limbic system controls emotion and memory.
Q48 of 50
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Aqueous humor lies between the cornea and the:
(A)
Retina
(B)
Lens
(C)
Choroid
(D)
Optic nerve
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Correct Answer: (B) Lens
Aqueous humor fills the space in front of the lens.
Q49 of 50
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Adjustment of lens curvature for focusing is called:
(A)
Adaptation
(B)
Accommodation
(C)
Refraction
(D)
Diffraction
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Correct Answer: (B) Accommodation
The ciliary muscles change lens shape during accommodation.
Q50 of 50
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According to the all-or-none principle, an impulse:
(A)
Varies with stimulus strength
(B)
Fires fully or not at all
(C)
Travels backward
(D)
Needs no threshold
Show Answer & NCERT Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Fires fully or not at all
Above threshold, a full action potential fires; below it, none.